Cau 35: hormon sinh duc nu: ban chat, tac dung, dieu hoa bai tiet va UDLS

Hai hormon chinh cua buong trung la estrogen va proestrogen. Ngoai ra hoang the con bai tiet 1 hormon # nua la inhibin

a) estrogen:

*) B/c: o phu nu bthg ko co thai, estrogen dc bai tiet chu yeu o buong trung, chi 1 lg nho do tuyen vo thg than bai tiet. Khi co thai, rau thai bai tiet 1 lg lon estrogen

- co 3 loai estrogen co mat voi 1lg dang ke trong huyet tg do la beta_estradiol, estron va estriol trong do chu yeu la beta_estradiol.

- estrogen la hop chat steroids va dc tong hop o buong trung tu cholesterol va cung co the tu acetyl coenzym A.

*) Tac dung:

- lam xh va bao ton dac tinh sing duc nu thu phat ke tu tuoi day thi bao gom phat trien cac co quan sinh duc, phat trien lop mo duoi da, giong noi trong, dang mem mai, vai hep, hong no...

- tac dung len tu cung:

+ lam tang kick thuoc tu cung o tuoi day thi va khi co thai

+ kick thick phan chia lop nen - lop taI tao ra lop chuc nang trong nua dau cua cua CKKN

+ tang tao cac mach mau moi o lop cnang va lam cho cac mach mau nay tro thanh cac DM xoan cung cap mau cho lop niem mac chuc nang. tang luu lg mau den lop niem mac chuc nang.

+ kick thick su phat trien cac tuyen niem mac. tang tao glycogen chua trong tuyen nhung ko bai tiet.

+ tang khoi lg tu cung, tang ham lg actin va myosin trong co, db trong tky co thai

+ tang co bop tu cung. Tang tinh nhay cam cua tu cung voi oxytocin

- tac dung len co tu cung:duoi td cua estrogen, cac Tb bmo cua nmac co tu cung bai tiet mot lop dich nhay lo•ng, mong. dich nay co the keo thanh soi dai khi dc dat vao lam kich.

- T/d len voi tu cung:

+ lam tang sinh mo tuyen cua nmac ong dan trung

+ lam tang sinh cac TB bmo long rung

+ lam tang hd cua cac TB bmo long rung theo mot chieu, huong ve phia tu cung

- t/d len am dao:

+ estrogen lam thay doi bmo am dao tu dang khoi thnah bieu mo tang

+ kick thick cac tuyen am dao bai tiet dich co pH acid

- tac dung len tuyen vu:

+ ptrien he thong ong tuyen

+ ptrien mo dem o vu

+ tang lang dong mo o vu

- t/d len chuyen hoa:

+ lam tang tong hop pr o cac mo dich nhu tu cung, tuyen vu, xg.

+ lam tang nhe qtrinh tong hop pr cua toan co the

+ tang lang dong mo o duoi da db o nguc, mong dui de tao dang nu.

+ tang nhe toc do chuyen hoa

- tac dung len xg

+ tang hd cua TB xg

+ kick thik gan dau xg vao than xg

+ tang lang dong muoi calci - phosphat o xg

+ lam no rong xg chau

- tac dung len chuyen hao muoi nc: giu ion Na+ va tang giu nc

*) dieu hao bai tiet: estrogen bai tiet nhieu hay it tuy thuoc vao Cm LH cua tuyen yen. nong do Lh tang se kick thick TB cua lop ao trong nang no•n bai tiet estrogen. Ngc lai Cm LH giam thi estrogen cung dc bai tiet it

b) progestroteron:

*) B/c: o phu nu ko co thai, progestroteron dc bai tiet chu yeu tu hoang the trong nua sau CKKN. Khi co thai rau thai bai tiet 1 lg lon progestroteron

- progestroteron la 1 hc steroids dc tong hop tu cholesterol or acetyl CoA

*) t/d:

- tu cung:

+ kick thick su bai tiet o nmac tu cung vao nua sau cua CKKN. Cac tuyen cua nmac tu cung dai ra, cuon lai cong queo va bai tiet glycogen

+ lam giam co bop co tu cung do do ngan can viec day trung d• thu tinh ra ngoai va tao moI truong yen on cho bao thai phat trien

- t/d len co tu cung: progestroteron kick thick nmac voi tu cung bai tiet mot lop dich nhay, day

- tac dung len voi tu cung: progestroteron kick thick nmac voi tu cung bai tiet dich chua chat dinh duong de nuoI duong trung d• thu tinh thuc hien qua trinh phan chia trong khi di chuyen vao buong tu cung.

- Tac dung len tuyen vu:

+ lam phat trien thuy tuyen

+ kcik thick cac TB boc tuyen vu tang sinh, to len va tro nen co knang bai tiet.

- tac dung len than nhiet: progestroteron lam tang nhiet do cua co the do vay o nua sau CKKN than nhiet cua phu nu thuong cao hon nua dau tu 0,3 - 0,5do

*) Dieu hoa bai tiet:

Su bai tiet progestroteron chiu anh huong dkhien truc tiep cua hormon LH do tuyen yen bai tiet. Nuu Cm LH tang trong mau, hoang the se dc nuoI duong va se bai tiet nhieu progestroteron. Ngc lai neu tuyen yen bai tiet it LH, hoang the se bi thoaI hoa va progestroteron se dc bai tiet it.