Tu tuong Ho Chi Minh ve cach mang giai phong dan toc
1. Cach mang giai phong dan toc muon thang loi phai di theo con duong cach mang vo san
Ho Chi Minh da den voi hoc thuyet cach mang cua chu nghia Mac - Lenin va lua chon con duong cach mang vo san. Tu do, Nguoi quyet tam dua dan toc Viet Nam di theo con duong do.
Con duong cach mang vo san, theo quan diem cua Ho Chi Minh, bao ham nhung noi dung chu yeu sau:
- Tien hanh cach mang giai phong dan toc va dan dan tung buoc "di toi xa hoi cong san".
- Luc luong lanh dao cach mang la giai cap cong nhan ma doi tien phong cua no la Dang Cong san.
- Luc luong cach mang la khoi doan ket toan dan, n#ng cot la lien minh giua giai cap cong nhan voi giai cap nong dan va lao dong tri oc.
- Su nghiep cach mang cua Viet Nam la mot bo phan khang khit cua cach mang the gioi, cho nen phai doan ket quoc te.
2. Cach mang giai phong dan toc trong thoi dai moi phai do Dang Cong san lanh dao
Cac nha yeu nuoc Viet Nam da u thuc duoc tam quan trong va vai tr# cua to chuc cach mang.
Du da thanh lap hay chua hinh thanh,cac to chuc cach mang kieu cu khong the dua cach mang giai phong dan toc di den thanh cong, v no thieu mot duong loi chinh tri dung
dan va mot phuong phap cach mang khoa hoc, khong co co so rong rai trong quan chung.
Nhung no luc dau tranh cuu nuoc nhung khong thanh cong cua Viet Nam quoc dan dang,
to chuc chinh tri tieu bieu nhat cua giai cap tu san Viet Nam, da chung minh dieu do.
Dau nam 1930, Nguoi sang lap Dang Cong san Viet Nam, mot chinh dang cua giai cap cong nhan Viet Nam, co to chuc chat che, ky luat nghiem minh va lien he mat thiet voi quan chung.
3. Luc luong cua cach mang giai phong dan toc bao gom toan dan
toc
Ho Chi Minh danh gia rat cao vai tr# cua nhan dan trong khoi nghia vu trang. Nguoi coi suc manh vi dai va nang luc sang tao vo tan cua quan chung la then chot bao dam thang loi.
Trong Cuong linh chinh tri dau tien cua Dang, Nguoi xac dinh luc luong cach mang bao gom toan dan toc: Dang phai tap hop dai bo phan giai cap cong nhan, tap hop dai bo phan nong dan va phai dua vao hang dan cay ngheo, lanh dao nong dan lam cach mang ruong dat; loi keo tieu tu san, tri thuc, trung nong... di vao phe vo san giai cap; doi voi phu nong, trung tieu dia chu va tu ban Viet Nam ma chua ro mat phan cach mang th phai loi dung, chi it la lam cho ho dung trung lap. Bo phan nao da ra mat phan cach mang (nhu Dang Lap hien) th phai danh do.
Chu truong tap hop luc luong cua Ho Chi Minh phan anh tu tuong dai doan ket
dan toc cua Nguoi.
Trong hai cuoc khang chien chong thuc dan Phap va chong de quoc My, Ho Chi
Minh lay nhan dan lam nguon suc manh.
Khang chien toan dan gan voi khang chien toan dien. Luc luong toan dan la dieu
kien de dau tranh toan dien voi ke thu de quoc, giai phong dan toc.
4. Cach mang giai phong dan toc can duoc tien hanh chu dong, sang
tao va co kha nang gianh thang loi truoc cach mang vo san o chinh
quoc
Theo Ho Chi Minh, giua cach mang giai phong dan toc o thuoc dia va cach mang
vo san o chinh quoc co moi quan he mat thiet voi nhau, tac dong qua lai lan nhau trong
cuoc dau tranh chong ke thu chung la chu nghia de quoc. Do la moi quan he bnh dang
chu khong phai la quan he le thuoc, hoac quan he chinh - phu.
Nhan dan cac dan toc thuoc dia co kha nang cach mang to lon. Theo Ho Chi Minh, khoi lien
minh cac dan toc thuoc dia la mot trong nhung cai canh cua cach mang vo san.
Do nhan thuc duoc vai tr#, vi tri chien luoc cua cach mang thuoc dia, danh gia dung suc manh dan toc, nam 1921, Nguyen ai Quoc cho rang cach mang giai phong dan toc o thuoc dia co the gianh thang loi truoc cach mang vo san o chinh quoc
Trong tac pham Duong kach menh, Ho Chi Minh co su phan biet ve nhiem vu cua
cach mang vo san va cach mang giai phong dan toc va cho rang: hai thu cach mang do
tuy co khac nhau, nhung co quan he chat che voi nhau.
Day la mot luan diem sang tao, co gia tri lu luan va thuc tien to lon; mot cong hien rat quan trong cua Ho Chi Minh vao kho tang lu luan cua chu nghia Mac - Lenin, da -6vŽ¾ ? ‰ í ù Ž
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5. Cach mang giai phong dan toc phai duoc tien hanh bang con duong cach mang bao luc
a) Bao luc cach mang trong cach mang giai phong dan toc o Viet Nam
Cac the luc de quoc su dung bao luc de xam luoc va thong tri thuoc dia, dan ap da
man cac phong trao yeu nuoc. Che do thuc dan, tu ban than no da la mot hanh dong bao
luc cua ke manh doi voi ke yeu. Chua de bep u chi xam luoc cua chung th chua the co
thang loi hoan toan. V the con duong de gianh va giu doc lap dan toc chi co the la con
duong cach mang bao luc. Danh gia dung ban chat cuc ky phan dong cua bon de quoc
va tay sai, Ho Chi Minh cho rang: "Trong cuoc dau tranh gian kho chong ke thu cua giai cap va cua dan toc, can dung bao luc cach mang chong lai bao luc phan cach mang, gianh lay chinh quyen va bao ve chinh quyen"3.
Quan triet quan diem su nghiep cach mang la su nghiep cua quan chung, Ho Chi
Minh cho rang bao luc cach mang cung la bao luc cua quan chung.
b) Phuong cham chien luoc danh lau dai trong cach mang giai phong dan toc
Truoc nhung ke thu lon manh, Ho Chi Minh chu truong su dung phuong cham chien
luoc danh lau dai.Khang chien phai truong ky v dat ta hep, dan ta it, nuoc ta ngheo, ta phai chuan bi lau dai va phai co su chuan bi
toan dien cua toan dan
Tu luc canh sinh cung la mot phuong cham chien luoc rat quan trong, nham phat
huy cao do nguon suc manh chu quan, tranh tu tuong bi dong trong cho vao su giup do
ben ngoai.
Doc lap tu chu, tu luc tu cuong ket hop voi tranh thu su giup do quoc te la mot quan diem nhat quan trong tu tuong Ho Chi Minh.
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