Cau 10

p/u tong hop NH3:   N2+H2  <=> NH3    (delta H<0)

cac yeu to anh huong toi toc do va can bang cua phan ung:

*t: do p/u theo chieu thuan la p/u toa nhiet nen ve mat dong hoc de thu dc NH3 voi hieu suat cao, nguoi ta thuongphai tian hanh p/u o t thap. tuy nhien ,ve mat nhiet dong hoc neu thuc hien p/u o dieu kien t thap thi ko du nang luong de hoat hoa chat p/u ko du de cac ptu cham  co hieu qua nen thuc te ng ta tien hnh tong hop o t=[450---500*C]

* ap suat: p/u theo chieu thuan la giam the tich nen de thu dc nhieu NH3 ta phai thuc hien phan ung o p cao. tuy nhien, cac thiet bi p/u o p cao  rat cong kenh, phuc tap,ton kem ve mat cong nghe ---> nguoi ta thuc hien o p trung binh  200---300at

* xuc tac:lam giam nang luong hoat hoa cua p/u, giup p/u xay ra mau dat toi trang thai can bang, lam tang toc do chung cua p/u

* nong do cac khi: de thu dc NH3 voi hieu suat cao, nguoi ta phai lam tang [N2], [H2] = cach bo sung lien tuc vao thap tong hop va lay NH3 tao thanh ra khoi he thong = cach lam lanh --->hoa longNH3.luong khi tro trong dong khi tuan hoan cung la 1 yeu to a/h ---> can bang cua p/u( luong khi tro lon tuong duong tac dung lam giam p cua p/u) gay chuyen dich can bang