Cau80:truc khuan than

*/knang gay benh

-gay benh cho dv:chu yeu la cac dv an co,nhat la cuu,de bo,ngua(benh nh.trung cap tinh,hay gap the nhiem khuan huyet va gay tu vong.sau khi dv chet,du duoc chon sau nhung nha bao cua no co the lay lan tren mat dat(do giun moi dun day len)(nhiem khuan cay co,suc vat an phai co nay se mac benh va chet.

-gay benh cho nguoi:nhung nguoi tiep xuc voi dv bi benh hay tiep xuc voi da lot cua dv bi benhat co the bi mac benh than,thuong gap o 3 the:

+/the da:hay gap o cn lo mo,cn thuoc da. Vk xam nhap vao da. tai cho xam nhap xuat hien not phong, o giua co mau den do bi hoai tu do hoai tu goi la not mu ac tinh. benh tien trien 24-36h sau khi vk xam nhap vao da(ton thuong da hoai tu

+/the phoi:nguoi benh hit phai nha bao do tiep xu voi ko khi bi nhiem khuan(viem phoi nang kem theo viem than, nhiem doc co the dan den nhiem khuan huyet,tu vong

+/the ruot:do an phai TK than, the nay rat nag, it gap

-co che gay benh:

+/dg xam nhap:da, tieu hoa, ho hap

+/co che:nha bao phat trien (truc khuan hoat dong( hien tuong phu keo cac to chuc va xung huyet cac mo. truc khuan than(hach lympho,lach( mau. o mau( nhiem khuan huyet ( co quan.nhat la lach phoi

-benh than la benh cua dong vat lay sang nguoi.tu nguon benh o trong dat,xac sv chet hay tiep xuc truc tiep voi dv bi benh hay an,hit phai vk ma nguoi mac benh than( coi la benh nghe nghiep

*/phong

-ko dac hieu: +/doi voi nganh thu y:phat hien som dv bi benh,cach ly, dieu tri kip thoi.khi dv chet,tron sau ohu hoa chat(voi bot)chon xa nguon nuoc,bai co

+doi voi cn lo sat sinh.thuoc da. Dong guay:can co bao ho lao dong tot,co so phai dam bao ve sinh moi truong

-dac hieu:tiem vacxin:

+song giam doc luc:chua nha bao cua vk ko con kha nang sinh vo

+chiet tach:chua KN chiet tu mtruong nuoi cay cac chung ko vo

(dg dua vao:tiem,hieu luc bao ve khoang 1 nam

*/dtri:

-KS:penicillin,tetracycline. Streptomycin

-t.hop vk khang penicillin(chon ks khac+ket hop cac loai ks( hieu qua tot hon

Cau 81: Xoan khuan Helicobacter pylori

Nguon truyen nhiem la ng, co the gap o khi (ko dag ke) dg lay chu yeu la ng truyen sang ng. pthuc lay truyen la dg fan - mieng va dg mieng - fan.Trog do, dg fan - mieng dog vai tro chu yeu.

Tu khi Marshall phan lap dc vk nay, nhieu cog trinh ng.cuu thanh cog ve vai tro gay benh cua H.pylori da dc thuc hien tren ng tinh nguyen cung nhu tren dog vat thi nghiem. H.P co the gay viem, loet, va ung thu da day.

H.pylori co khnag tiet urease manh, men nay co hoat tinh rat manh phan giai ure thanh amoniac. Ure laasan pham chuyen hoa cua cac mo tbao, chung vao mau 1 phan va dc dao thai ra ngoai qua than. 1 luog ure tg duog tu mau qua lop niem mac da day vao dic da day. Amoniac co pu kiem, tao thanh 1 lop dem bao quanh H.pylori, giup cho chung tranh dc mtruog acid cao cua da day. Mat khac, amoniac sinh ra cung gay doc truc tiep doi voi tbao niem mac da day. Cac men catalase, lipase va glycoproteinase cua H.pylori phan giai chat nhay giup cho chung xam nhap vao niem mac sau hon va phoi bay cac thu the tbao cho cac adhesin cuaH.pylori gan vao do va dan dan pha huy tbao. H.pylori con tiet ra ca do to tbao, cac doc to nay cung gay doc va pha huy tbao. Gan day ng ta phat hien thay KN CagA lam tag tiet interleukin - 8, co gia thiet cho rag yeu to nay cung la mot trog cac yeu to lam benh tien trien den ung thu