The first three lines are done for you as examples.

How Equal Are Woman, Really?

On the face of it, women in Britain haven’t done too badly over the passed thirty years. There has been a woman Prime Minister a woman has gone into

space, and women are ordained as priests. They have won the right to equal

pay with men for the same work inspite of the fact that they still earn only

80% of their male colleague’s salaries. They have even become professionals

in what have always been considered male sports, like football. But can it

really be said that equality of the sexes is fact rather than wishful thinking. The trouble begins at school, though equality shouldn’t be an issue in education since, acording to the Department of Education’s statistics, they do better than boys in exams at all levels. Nevertheless, they are at an immediate

disadvantage as soon as they apply for jobs and go out to work. Teachers believe its vital to overcome this by encouraging them to study subjects like

physics, which have been almost exclusively a male preserve. A peice of

research recently carried out at Reading University may explain why boys

succeed, weather or not they have better academic qualifications. It shows that they are willing to call out answers in class and risk making mistakes, whereas girls feel self conscious. This capacity to take the lead is why boys tend to make a better impresion at an interview for a business career, though they may not always prove to be the best choice thereafter.

0. past

0.

Minister, a

0.

P

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.  

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

Your answers:

1.

6.

11.

2.

7.

12.

3.

8.

13.

4.

9.

14.

5.

10.

15.

PART 3:

Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits the space in the same line

.

<br style="page-break-before: always; mso-break-type: section-break;" clear="all" />

The Desire to Know

Curiosity goes back to the dawn of human (0)…existence……..This irresponsible desire to know is not a (1)………………of inanimate objects. Nor does it seem to be attributable to some forms of living organism which, for that very reason, we can scarcely bring ourselves to consider alive. A tree, for example, does not display (2)………………..curiosity, nor does a sponge or even an oyster. If chance events bring them poison, predators or parasites, they die as (3)……………….as they lived.

Early in the scheme of life, (4)……………….motion was developed by some organisms. It meant an (5)……………….advance in their control of the environment. A moving organism no longer waited in stolid (6)……………for food to come its way, but went out after it. The individual that hesitated in the (7)……………….search for food, or that was overly (8)………………in its investigation, starved.

As organisms grew more complex, more messages of greater variety were received from and about the (9)………………environment. At the same time, the nervous system, the living instrument that interprets and stores the data collected by the sense organs, became (10)………….complex.

EXIST

CHARACTER

RECOGNISE

CEREMONIOUS

DEPEND

ORDINARY

RIGID

ZEAL

CONSERVE

ROUND

INCREASE

Your answers:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

PART 4:

Replace the underlined expressions in the sentences below with the suitable phrasal verbs in the box. Make any necessary changes. There are more words than you need.

suck up to           put across             drop out of               pick up            drag on          

dumb down              count towards        swot up                    kick out              

clamp down on            take over              mess around                   step down          

1.

I’ve got tests all next week- I’ve really got to

revise hard

.

2.

Todd

stopped attending school

at 16 because he considered schoolwork a waste of time

3.

Does this term’s test mark

contribute to

our final grade?

4.

Apparently, the headmaster is going to

implement punishments more strictly

for truancy.

5.

Just because Jilly cleaned the blackboard, it doesn’t mean she is trying to

make herself popular

with the teacher.

6.

If you make too much noise in Mrs. Skinner’s class, she will

make you leave

.

7.

I can’t wait for the summer holidays- this term has seemed to

last a long time

.

8.

So many students lacked basic numeracy skills that the course has been

made simpler and easier

.

9.

I couldn’t hear the teacher because the other kids were

behaving badly

.

10.

Surely if Hannah were dyslexic, it would have been

noticed

long before now.

Your answers:

1.

6.

2.

7.

3.

8.

4.

9.

5.

10.

PART 5:

Read the text below and think of the word that best fits the gap. Use one word for each gap only. The first one is done as an example.

Advertising

Each and (0)………every…………day we see hundreds of advertising images. (1)…………..other of image confronts us (2)………………….anything like the same frequency. Never in history (3)…………….there been such a concentration of visual messages. The brain cannot help (4)…………..take these messages in, and for a moment they stimulate the imagination (5)……………virtue of their appeal to memory or expectation.

Advertising is usually justified as a competitive medium of benefit (6)……………….the public and efficient manufactures. (7)…………………it may be true that, in advertising, one particular brand competes against another, it is also just (8)……………….true that such publicity images confirm and enhance others. That there are choices to be made (9)…………….without saying but, ultimately, advertising as a system makes a single proposal- namely (10)……………..we transform ourselves, or our lives, by buying something more. We are led to believe that, by (11)…………..doing, we will in (12)………….way or another become richer- but in fact we will become poor, (13)…………………….spent our money.

Advertising shows us people who have apparently been transformed into a new state and are, as a result, enviable. The state of being envied is (14)……………….constitutes glamour. And advertising is in the business (15)……………..manufacturing glamour.

Your answers:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

PART 6:

Complete the sentences below, using one of the words in the box.

arrest           consequence            lead            face                   increase              means       

 praise          appearance         reach              intention         exception                   stage          

1.

Crime is said to be on the (a)……………….in this area, and in (b)……………the mayor has appealed for more police to be brought in to deal with it.

2.

Before the police could put him under (a)………., he fled abroad to a country without an extradition treaty, beyond the (b)………………of authorities.

3.

On the (a)…………of it, it looks a simple task but from bitter experience I know that it isn’t easy by any (b)………………

4.

There have been several reviews in (a)……………..of the film but it’s too early to say at this (b)………………that it will win the prize at the festival.

5.

He took the (a)…………..in arranging these meetings and has every (b)……….of playing his full part in the process.

Your answers

:

1.(a)

   (b)

2. (a)

   (b)

3. (a)

   (b)

4. (a)

    (b)

5. (a)

    (b)

III.

 READING (8/40 points)

PART 1:

Read the following passage and decide which answer A, B, C, or D best fits each gap.

MEN AND SHOPPING

Normally, a crèche is where children are looked after while their parents work, but recently a shopping center opened a ‘crèche’ which (1)…….. men to play computer games while their partners go shopping. The aim is to (2)……..  men to feel that shopping is fun. You only have to (3)……… at men’s faces in a shopping center in the UK to realize that they find shopping less (4)………. than women. Whether they are well off or (5)……….. up, the effect is the same: they are so anxious before they go shopping that their stress levels increase to a truly (6)……… extent, comparable to those felt by (7)……. fighter pilots or riot police. According to one psychologist, women are much more (8)……… in the shops and men get so impatient because men are less used to shopping than women. She adds that, quite (9)……. over the years, women have developed a laid-back (10)………. to shopping, but that men’s negative feelings (11)………. when they are buying things for people other than themselves. It’s understandable, then, that women (12)……….. men for not (13)…….. an effort when it comes to buying things for the family. She notes that, in the UK, many men (14)………… to go shopping at all, or claim to feel (15)……… out after only five minutes. Let’s hope the crèche makes a difference!

A. enables                    B. opens                       C. makes                      D. removes

A. support                    B. encourage                C. convince                  D. let

A. catch                       B. spot                         C. watch                      D. glance

A. funny                       B. silly                          C. enjoyable                 D. capable

A. short                        B. hard                         C. week                       D. poor

A. astonished                B. influential                  C. easy                         D. amazing

A. taught                      B. experienced             C. tested                      D. prepared

A. comfortable B. convenient                C. relaxing                    D. restful

A. biologically               B. physically                 C. naturally                   D. environmentally

A. acceptance              B. appeal                      C. agreement                D. approach

A. exaggerate               B. lengthen                   C. increase                   D. add

A. complain                  B. criticize                    C. object                      D. argue

A. making                     B. taking                       C. doing                       D. giving

A. cancel                      B. refuse                       C. reject                       D. deny

A. broken                     B. fed                           C. paid                         D. tired

Your answers:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

PART 2:

Read the following passage and do the tasks below:

Day after day we hear about how anthropogenic development is causing global warming. According to an increasingly vocal minority, however, we should be asking ourselves how much of this is media hype and how much is based on real evidence. It seems, as so often is the case that it depends on which expert you listen to, or which statistics you study.

       Yes, it is true that there is a mass of evidence to indicate that the world is getting warmer, with one of the world's leading weather predictors stating that air temperatures have shown an increase of just under half a degree Celsius since the beginning of the twentieth century. And while this may not sound like anything worth losing sleep over, the international press would have us believe that the consequences could be devastating. Other experts, however, are of the opinion that what we are seeing is just part of a natural upward and downward swing that has always been part of the cycle of global weather. An analysis of the views of major meteorologists in the United States showed that less than 20% of them believed that any change in temperature over the last hundred years was our own fault - the rest attributed it to natural cyclical changes.

       There is, of course, no denying that we are still at a very early stage in understanding weather. The effects of such variables as rainfall, cloud formation, the seas and oceans gases such as methane and ozone, or even solar energy are still not really understood, and therefore the predictions that we make using them cannot always be relied on. Dr. James Hansen, in 1988, was predicting that the likely effects of global warming would be a rising of world temperature which would have disastrous consequences for mankind: “a strong cause and effect relationship between the current climate and human alteration of the atmosphere ". He has now gone on record as stating that using artificial models of climate as a way of predicting change is all but impossible. In fact, he now believes that, rather than getting hotter, our planet is getting greener as a result of the carbon dioxide increase, with the prospect of increasing vegetation in areas which in recent history have been frozen wastelands.

        In fact, there is some evidence to suggest that as our computer-based weather models have become more sophisticated, the predicted rises in temperature have been cut back. In addition, if we look at the much reported rise in global temperature over the last century, a close analysis reveals that the lion's share of that increase, almost three quarters in total, occurred before man began to "poison" his world with industrial processes and the accompanying greenhouse gas emissions in the second half of the twentieth century.

        So should we pay any attention to those stories that scream out at us from billboards and television news headlines, claiming that man, with his inexhaustible dependence on oil-based machinery and ever more sophisticated forms of transport is creating a nightmare level of greenhouse gas emissions, poisoning his environment and ripping open the ozone layer? Doubters point to scientific evidence, which can prove that, of all the greenhouse gases, only two percent come from man-made sources, the rest resulting from natural emissions. Who, then, to believe: the environmentalist exhorting us to leave the car at home, to buy re-usable products packaged in recycled paper and to plant trees in our back yard? Or the skeptics, including, of course, a lot of big businesses who have most to lose, when they tell us that we are making a mountain out of a molehill? And my own opinion? The jury's still out as far as I am concerned!

Question 1-6: Choose the appropriate letters (A, B, C or D), based on the information from the passage.

1.   The author ........

A    believes that man is causing global warming

B    believes that global warming is a natural process

C    is sure what the causes of global warming are

D    does not say what he believes the causes of global warming are

2.   As to the cause of global warming, the author believes that ........

A    occasionally the facts depend on who you are talking to

B    the facts always depend on who you are talking to

C    often the facts depend on which expert you listen to

D    you should not speak to experts

3.   More than 80% of the top meteorologists in the United States are of the opinion that .........

A    global warming should make us lose sleep

B    global warming is not the result of natural cyclical changes, but man-made

C    the consequences of global warming will be devastating

D    global warming is not man-made, but the result of natural cyclical changes

4.   Our understanding of weather ...........

A    leads to reliable predictions

B    is variable

C    cannot be denied

D    is not very developed yet

5.   Currently, Dr. James Hansen's beliefs include the fact that .......

A    it is nearly impossible to predict weather change using artificial models

B    the consequences of global warming would be disastrous for mankind

C    there is a significant link between the climate now, and man's changing of the atmosphere

D    Earth is getting colder

6. Which of these is the best title for this text?

A    Global Warming is for real

B    Global warming - media hype or genuine threat?

C    Weather changes over the last 100 years

D    Global Warming - the greatest threat to mankind

Questions 7-13: Do the statements below agree with the information in the reading passage?

On your answer sheet write:

Yes             if the statement agrees with the information in the passage

No                if the statement contradicts the information in the passage

Not Given   if there is no information about the statement in the passage

7. Computer-based weather models have become more sophisticated.

8. At the same time that computer-based weather models have become more sophisticated, weather forecasters have become more expert.

9. Most of the increase in global temperature happened in the second half of the twentieth century.

10. The media wants us to blame ourselves for global warming.

11. The media encourages the public to use environmentally friendly vehicles, such as electric cars to combat global warming.

12. Environmentalists are very effective at persuading people to be kind to the environment.

13. Many big businesses are on the side of the skeptics as regards the cause of global warming.

Questions 14-15: Complete the sentences below. Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each blank space. Write your answers on your answer sheet.

14. As well as planting trees and not driving, the environmentalist would like us to choose products that are wrapped _______________ and can be used more than once.

15. Big businesses would have us believe that we are making too much fuss about global warming, because they have ________________.

Your answers:

1.

6.

11.

2.

7.

12.

3.

8.

13.

4.

9.

14.

5.

10.

15.

PART 3:

Read the article. Choose the most suitable headings ( A-L) for paragraphs (1-8) from the list of headings in the box below. There are more headings than paragraphs, so do not use all of them

A.

Know when to stop

B.

Organize

C.

Check your notes are accurate

D.

Use various formats for your notes

E.

Take mock exams seriously

F.

Work out what you revise

G.

Study with your colleagues

H.

Read textbooks

I.

Start early

J.

Look for mock exams

K.

Check the information in your textbooks

L.

Revise

REVISING FOR EXAMS

<br style="page-break-before: auto; mso-break-type: section-break;" clear="all" />

The way to do well at History is to know which study techniques work best for you as an individual. Nevertheless, here are some sensible guidelines that are worth following.

1.

Apply good study skills from the beginning of your course rather than seek magical solutions a few weeks before the exam. Ideally, every evening you should read through the notes you made that day, improving them and making sure they are useful. Then, every few months, go through all the notes- this will make your final revision much easier. In this way, essential information will be committed to your long-term memory and will be readily recalled, even under stressful exam conditions. You will also avoid last-minute cramming, which is seldom useful.

2.

Make sure that you have a copy of the syllabus or course handbook. Check the format of your exam. How many papers? How many questions must be answered? Are there any compulsory sections? Sort out any external or personal problems that may hamper your progress. If necessary talk with your tutor, student counseling service or doctor. From Easter cut out or cut down your weekend employment until after the exams.

3.

Listen to your teacher’s advice on important areas or likely questions. Select topics for revision. Decide what number you need to know about: for example if you are required to answer four questions, go through the papers of the last few years and make sure you can answer five or six of them. If you can answer them all, take care- you are probably working too hard.

4.

 Do not work from poor materials. Improve your notes by comparison with a friend’s or read them alongside a textbook, making any additions and modifications needed. Make sure that you understand them before you try to commit them to memory- if you don’t, the ideas simply will now stick. Underline, color or highlight headings and key points.

5.

The more your notes are rewritten, the better you will remember them. Summarize key information on each topic on one A4 page. Abbreviate again on small index cards: carry them round with you and learn them whenever you have a few spare minutes. If you are having difficulty remembering key quotes or the dates, write them out and put them in places around the house where you see them frequently. Perhaps, record them on tape. But remember to think actively about key issues as well as memorizing information. Your aim should be to look at old, so familiar materials in a new way.

6.

Working with a group (the right group for you) will enable you to share ideas, notes and books and can help alleviate boredom and stress. Revising in pairs is good, but working in group of three or four is better. The ideal is to meet for two or three hour sessions two or three times a week at home, school or college- looking for a working environment with minimum distractions, read out answers for group criticism, test each other, prepare outline answers.

7.

When your teachers give you practice exams to do in class time, enter into these wholeheartedly. They will help you assess your progress and familiarize you with working under strict exam conditions. Afterwards, take notes of the feedback you receive. Pinpoint the errors you made. Did you include too little information, misread the questions, run out of time? What does your mark tell you about your revision techniques?

8.

Far more exams are failed because of too little work than too much. But often the brightest students work too hard at revision and worry unnecessarily. So take regular exercises, get plenty of sleep, and maintain a sensible social life. If you are an arch-worrier, then by all means carry gentle revision until last moment: you can’t worry if your mind is occupied with something else. But remember that the aim is to reach your peak at the right time, so be sure not to go into the exam room exhausted from overwork. Frenetic late-night cramming can be easily avoided by the short of revision techniques outlined above.

<br style="page-break-before: auto; mso-break-type: section-break;" clear="all" />

Choose the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D), based on the above reading:

9.

According to the passage, what is the main cause of poor performance in exams?

A.

tiredness due to overwork

B.

not study enough

C.

not getting enough exam practice

D.

worrying about the exam

10.

According to the passage, when should you continue revising right up to the exam?

A.

when you have not been working hard enough

B.

if you suffer from exam nerves

C.

when you cannot remember vital information

D.

if your tutor advises you to do.

Your answers:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

IV.

WRITING (12/40 points)

PART 1 (2 points):

Use the word(s) given in brackets and make any necessary additions to complete a new sentence in such a way that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the original sentence. Do NOT change the form of the given word (s).

Look at the example in the box.

Example:

Immediately after winning the race, Sandy began training for the next one. (had)

Ø

No sooner had Sandy won the race than she began training for the next one.

1.

Without a loan from the bank, we would have gone bankrupt. ( borrowed)

Had . ……………………………….         , we would have gone bankrupt.

2.

The only calls we've made have been local ones, so our bill can't possibly come to this much. (run)

We can't .. ........ …………………..when we've only made local calls.

3.

Could you take a quick look at my essay before I hand it in? (eye)

Would you mind………………………………………………….my essay before I hand it in?

4.

Harry wanted to be famous so much that he participated in a reality show. (desire)

So great………………………………………….fame that he participated in a reality show

5.

There is no need to feel superior to everyone else. (nose)

You shouldn’t………………………………………………………

6.

When she sold the jewellery at such a low price, she was cheated. (ride)

When she sold……………………………………………………………

7.

We should not continue the experiments because we have encountered serious problems. (halt)

Since we have encountered……………………………………………………………….

8.

The best solution was thought of by Sally. (came)

Sally……………………………………………………………………………………

9.

When Tony has to face with the crisis, he panics. (faced)

……………………………………………, he panics.

10.

Anne’s dedication to her work has always been exemplary. (herself)

Anne…………………………………………………………………………………….

Your answers:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

PART 2 (4 points)

The pie graphs below show the result of a survey of students’ activities. The first graph shows the cultural and leisure activities that boys participate in, whereas the second graph shows the activities in which girls participate.

Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

Write at least 150 words.

Your answer:

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

PART 3: COMPOSITION (6 points)

Some people believe that college or university education should be available to all students. Others believe that higher education should be available only to good students.

Write a composition (250 – 300 words) to express which view you agree with and explain your reasons.

Your answer:

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

-THE END-