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Bedrock:

Can dye water in cauldrons 

Can dye shulkers before they die

Can't change the version

Can't add mods

Has wither potion

No spectral arrows

No \locate biome command

No invisible item frames

Better quality game play and less likely to lag out and brake

No hardcore mode, thanks to @Meowcat123_ for reminding me of that :)

Java:

Can't dye water in cauldrons

Can't dye shulkers before they die

Can change the version

Can add mods

Doesn't have  wither potions

Spectral arrows

 \locate biome command

 invisible item frames

Can see everyone who's online when on a server'

More severs

Has 1.20 snap shot versions already (I want it so bad)

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