17.Trinh bay cau tao cac bo phan chu yeu mat san.Cau tao mat san lang.

a.) cau tao

1.Ao san(lop phu)

La lop tren cung cua san,chiu tac dong truc tiep khi sd.Yeu cau kien co,khong mon,he so hut nhiet nho,bang phang,sang sua,de lam ve sinh.Vat lieu :Go,chat deo,cao su,lat gach.Lang vua xi mang + cat,vua granito.

2.Lop dem

La lop tao nen vo cung va dac chac nam giua ao san va ket cau san,gia co cho ket cau san,co the lam tang kha nang cach nhiet,cach am cho san.

Vat lieu:

-TH san xay tren mat nen = dat,lop dem lam nv truyen tai len nen,do do can do tren dat nen dam chat.Truoc khi do lop dem,dung da dam hoac soi 4-6cm,dam = qua lan cho den khi lop da nay an sau vao dat k qua 4cm,tiep sau do lop be tong lot.

-TH khac,lop dem = xi mang + cat dc dung rong rai voi vua mac 50-100.Co the de lop nay len lop cach am,cach nhiet(xi,cat,be tong to ong,be tong nhe.).Mat tren cua lop dem phai thap hon muc cua san 1 doan = be day cua vat lieu dg de phu san.

3.Lop dieu chinh.

La bo phan dc thuc hien khi lop ket cau hoac lop dem khong = phang,can phai tao mat phang hay mat doc nhat dinh cho san truoc khi lam ao san,Khi be day cua lop dieu chinh cho phep thi co the loi dung de dat cacduong day hoac duong ong trang thiet bi.

4.Lop op chan tuong.

La lop bao ve o vi tri qua do giua tuong va san,yeu cau bao dam chiu luc va cham,chong tham,lam ve sinh tot va cach ly chan dong.Vat lieu:Thong thuong dc lam cung vl cua lop ao san:op van,op gach,trat vua

5.Cac bo phan phu

Lop chong tham,cach nhiet,cach am,cach hoi.

b.)Cau tao mat san lang

1. Mat san lang vua xi mang cat, danh mau bang xi mang nguyen chat :

Lop mat san cau tao bang hon hop xi mang cat vang 1:2 - 1:3

Tren lop be tong cot thep chiu luc cua san rai mot lop cach am bang betong xi

hoac betong gach vo day 6-8 cm mac 50, tren lop cach am la lop vua lang xi mang cat

day 2-3 cm. Dong thoi voi viec lang vua la danh mau bang xi mang nguyen chat, co

the ke o vuong30x30cm hay 40x40cm va khi can thiet lan bu xat chong tron.

• Uu diem : Cau tao don gian, de thi cong, co kha nang chong tham, gia thanh

ha, ap dung pho bien trong nha dan dung cap II-III.

• Nhuoc diem: khong dep, khong ben, de ran nut, de sinh bui, khong dam bao ve

sinh va my quan

2. Mat san lang vua granito :

Cau tao tuong tu mat san lang vua xi mang cat, duoc lang vua granito day 1-2 cm

(vua granito tinh theo trong luong gom: 2 phan da cam thach xay co 3-8 mm, 1 phan

xi mang trang va 1/10 bot mau )

Tuy theo cong tac hoan thien, mat san co hai hinh thuc: da rua hoac da mai.

• Da rua co be mat nham do viec duoc rua bang ban chai khi lop vua da tuong

doi cung de cho nhung hat da cam thach noi len tren be mat khong qua 1/3 co

hat

• Da mai co be mat nhan do viec duoc mai bang tay hoac bang may sau khi lang 3

ngay

Muon cho lop vua granito gan chat vao lop lot vua xi mang cat ben duoi thi lop xi

mang cat nay phai duoc lam nham bang cach ke thanh cac o vuong hay o tram khi vua se

mat

De mat san tranh bi nut, can ke vach phan o bang cach dat nep dong hoac kem chi

day 2mm len lop lot truoc khi lang vua granito

• Uu diem: Ben, dep, sach, de lau chui, cham tham cao, duoc ap dung cho cau

thang, hanh lang, noi cong cong, nha tam, nha ve sinh, phong thi nghiem .. ..

• Nhuoc diem :De dong nuoc, gia thanh cao, thi cong phuc tap

3. Mat san lang nam da, ( modaiich ):

Cau tao tuong tu mat san lang vua granito, nhung khong dung hon hop xi mang

hat da ma tren lop vua xi mang cat lang mot lop xi mang trang hoac co pha mau, roi

dung nhung da van hay manh su nho nam gan tren lop nay .

• Uu diem: Ben, dep, sach

• Nhuoc diem :Gia thanh cao, thi cong phuc tap