v  Section 1

Ø  Materials:

Rubber /ˈrʌb.ə r /:  cao su

Steel /stiːl/ : thép

Polythene /ˈpɒl.ɪ.θiːn/ : polietylen

Cardboard  /ˈkɑːrd.bɔːrd/ : bìa các-tông

Sandpaper /ˈsæn d  ˌpeɪ.pə r / : giấy ráp

Wool  /wʊl/ : len

Porcelain /ˈpɔː.səl.ɪn/ : sứ

Ø  Properties: (all of them are adjective)

Stiff/stɪf/ = hard = rigid /ˈrɪdʒ.ɪd/  = firm /fɜːm/ : cứng

Flimsy /’flɪm.zi/ : very thin, or easily broken or destroyed

Resilient /rɪˈzɪl.i.ənt/ = elastic /ɪˈlæs.tɪk/ : describes material that is able to stretch and be returned to its original shape or size = đàn hồi

Tough/tʌf/ : dai

Flexible /ˈflek.sɪ.bl ̩/ : linh hoạt

Pliable /ˈplaɪ.ə.bl ̩/ : mềm dẻo, dễ uốn nắn

Soft / sɑːft /: Mềm

       Brittle /ˈbrɪt.l ̩/ : giòn, dễ gãy, dễ vỡ

Fragile /’frædʒ. ə l/: dễ vỡ - dùng cho thuỷ tinh, sứ

Ductile /ˈdʌk.taɪl/ : describes metals that can be bent easily = có thể kéo sợi tốt

Malleable /ˈmæl.i.ə.bl ̩/ : Có thể dát mỏng

Tranperent /trænˈspær. ə nt/ : trong suốt

dense /den t  s/ : đậm đặc

Conductor /kənˈdʌk.tə r / :TRANSPORT

1. someone whose job is to sell tickets on a bus, train or other public vehicle

                                      SUBSTANCE

3. a substance that allows heat or electricity to go through it

Ø  Surface and appearance

Smooth /smuːð/ = polite = even: bóng

glossy /ˈglɒs.i/ = smooth and shiny

Rough /rʌf/ = uneven or smooth

Grainy /ˈgreɪ.ni/: nhiễu

Matt /mæt/ = not shinny

Corrugated /ˈkɒr.ə.geɪ.tɪd/: having parallel rows on the surface: có các hàng trên bề mặt – miêu tả bìa cac-tông

Coarse /kɔːrs/ : thô (vải)

Abrasive /əˈbreɪ.sɪv/ : ráp

Ø  Process and experiment

Melt / melt/ : to turn from something solid into something soft or liquid, or to cause something to do this  - nóng chảy

Solidify /səˈlɪd.ɪ.faɪ/ : o change from being a liquid or gas to a solid form, or to make something do this – đóng rắn

Freeze /friːz/ : đóng băng

Liquefy: /ˈlɪk.wɪ.faɪ/ : to (cause a gas or a solid to) change into a liquid form  - Hoá lỏng

Vaporize /ˈveɪ.p ə r.aɪz/ : to turn, or cause something to turn, from a solid or liquid state into gas – hoá hơi